Archaios | Greek Phyrgia Laodikeia Athena / Nike ΛΑΟ∆Ι-ΚΕΩ-Ν | AE

Description: Archaios Numismatics __________________________________________ Description: Autonomous Greek Bronze of Laodikeia in Phrygia, Asia Minor (modern day Denizli, Turkey). 1st Century AD. Obverse: Helmeted Head of Athena left Reverse: Nike walking Left holding palm and wreath ΛΑΟ∆Ι-Κ[ΕΩ]Ν vertically up left/right fields. Mint: Laodicea , Phrygia Size: 15 mm Weight: 2.23 g Ref: SNG Copenhagen 521-3 var. (Bust r.) Inventory: 36.14 Condition:aVF. As always, Please use the Pictures as your judge as grading is subjective. Notes: Laodicea (on the Lycus) , also known as Laodikeia was a stronghold of Seleucid power and influence founded by Antiochus II Theos (B.C. 261-246), and named in honour of his wife Laodice. The territory of Laodiceia included a great part of the Lycus valley, and was bounded by the two streams Lykos and Kapros, often personified on its coins by a Wolf and a Boar. An older city on the same site was called Diospolis "City of Zeus" or Rhodas. The territory of Laodiceia included a great part of the Lycus valle -- ,Laodicea was approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) west of Colossae, and 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south of Hierapolis. It was approximately 160 kilometres (99 mi) east of Ephesus and, according to Strabo, it was on a major road. It was in Phrygia, although some ancient authors place Laodicea in differing provincial territories – not surprising because the precise limits of these territories were both ill-defined and inconstant; for example, Ptolemy[6] and Philostratus[7] call it a town of Caria, while Stephanus of Byzantium describes it as belonging to Lydia. While initally located in the Hellenistic regions of Caria and Lydia, it later became the Roman Province of Phrygia Pacatiana. In 188 B.C., the city passed to the Kingdom of Pergamon. After 133 B.C. it fell under Roman control. It suffered greatly during the Mithridatic Wars but quickly recovered under the dominion of Rome. Towards the end of the Roman Republic and under the first emperors, Laodicea, benefiting from its advantageous position on a trade route, became one of the most important and flourishing commercial cities of Asia Minor. It contained one of the Seven churches of Asia mentioned in the Book of Revelation. In 2013 the archaeological site was inscribed in the Tentative list of World Heritage Sites in Turkey. At first, Laodicea was not a place of much importance, but it soon acquired a high degree of prosperity. In 220 BC, Achaeus was its king. In 188 BC, the city passed to the Kingdom of Pergamon, and after 133 BC it fell under Roman control. It suffered greatly during the Mithridatic Wars but quickly recovered under the dominion of Rome. Towards the end of the Roman Republic and under the first emperors, Laodicea, benefiting from its advantageous position on a trade route, became one of the most important and flourishing commercial cities of Asia Minor, in which large money transactions and an extensive trade in black wool were carried on. There are still some impressive ruins here in the modern city of Denizili that attest to its former greatness. The ruins are well preserved and are being substantially renovated. Its many buildings include a stadium, baths, temples, a gymnasium, theatres, and a bouleuterion (Senate House). On the eastern side, the line of the ancient wall may be distinctly traced, with the remains of the Ephesus gate; there are streets traversing the town, flanked by colonnades and numerous pedestals. North of the town, towards the Lycus, are many sarcophagi, with their covers lying near them, partly imbedded in the ground, and all having been long since rifled. Particularly interesting are the remains of an aqueduct starting several kilometres away at the Baspinar spring in Denizli, and possibly having another more distant source. Unusually, to cross the valley to the south of Laodicea, instead of the usual open channel carried above the level of the city on lofty arches as was the usual practice of the Romans, an inverted siphon was employed consisting of a double pressurised pipeline, descending into the valley and back up to the city. The low arches supporting the siphon commence near the summit of a low hill to the south where the header tank was located, and thence continue to the first terminal distribution tank (castellum aquae) at the edge of the hill of the city, whose remains are visible to the east of the stadium and South Baths complex. The water was heavily charged with calcareous matter, as several of the arches are covered with a thick incrustation where leaks occurred at later times. The siphon consisted of large carved stone pipes; some of these also are much incrusted, and some completely choked up. The terminal tank has many clay pipes of various diameters for water distribution on the north, east and south sides which, because of the choking by sinter, were replaced in time. To the west of the terminal is a small fountain next to the vaulted gate. The aqueduct appears to have been destroyed by an earthquake, as the remaining arches lean bodily on one side, without being much broken. A second distribution terminal and sedimentation tank is visible 400 metres (1,300 ft) north of the first, to which it was connected via another siphon of travertine blocks, and this one is bigger and supplied most of the city. Excerpts From Head, Hist. Numorum, and Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia We Thank You for stopping in and taking time to look at and bid on our listings. Good Luck Bidding or Buying ! 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Price: 50 USD

Location: Seattle, Washington

End Time: 2024-01-11T21:36:39.000Z

Shipping Cost: 3 USD